Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Armenia’s water supply and sanitation systems declined because of economic collapse, inadequate investment, poor operation and maintenance (O&M), and lack of management skills.
Limited access to medium-term credit has long been a key constraint in the development of Kazakhstan’s small and medium enterprises (SMEs), restraining their ability to exploit investment opportunities, increase employment, and contribute to sustainable growth. To help address this constraint, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), approved in September 2010 a multitranche financing facility (MFF)
Tajikistan’s geographic isolation and mountainous territory results in high transport and logistics costs, which makes it uncompetitive in international and regional markets.
Sri Lanka’s power sector struggled to meet the growing demand for electricity at acceptable reliability and sufficiently low cost during the decade leading to this project’s appraisal in 2010. The transmission system was weak and substantial investments were needed to strengthen the network and improve its reliability.
At program appraisal in 2011, many countries in the Pacific region were short of trained professionals and technical personnel who can adopt new technologies, drive innovation, and manage business and government effectively.
